See struggle on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "armed struggle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "class struggle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "counterstruggle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "death-struggle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "power struggle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "struggle-buggy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "struggle bus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "struggleful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "struggleism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "struggle kid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "struggleless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "struggle meal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "struggle session"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "strugglesome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "struggly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "the struggle is real"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "struglen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English struglen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "strugil",
"3": "",
"4": "to struggle, grapple, contend"
},
"expansion": "Scots strugil (“to struggle, grapple, contend”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "> English stroll"
},
"expansion": "(> English stroll)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "struyckelen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch struyckelen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to stumble, trip, falter\"; > Modern Dutch <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"nl\">struikelen</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to stumble, trip, falter\"; > Modern Dutch struikelen)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*strūkon",
"4": "",
"5": "to stumble"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *strūkon (“to stumble”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*strūkōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *strūkōną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*strug-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *strug-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "strûkelen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German strûkelen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "strükeln"
},
"expansion": "Low German strükeln",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to stumble\"; > Low German <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"nds\">strükeln</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to stumble\"; > Low German strükeln)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "strūhhēn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German strūhhēn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "strauchen"
},
"expansion": "German strauchen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray\"; > German <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"de\">strauchen</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"de\">straucheln</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray\"; > German strauchen, straucheln)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "strúgr",
"4": "",
"5": "arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse strúgr (“arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le",
"pos1": "frequentative suffix"
},
"expansion": "-le (frequentative suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*strūkaz",
"4": "",
"5": "stiff, rigid"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *strūkaz (“stiff, rigid”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "strug",
"3": "",
"4": "contention, strife, discord"
},
"expansion": "Swedish strug (“contention, strife, discord”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "stru",
"3": "",
"4": "obstinate, unruly"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian stru (“obstinate, unruly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "struende",
"3": "",
"4": "reluctantly"
},
"expansion": "Danish struende (“reluctantly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "strug",
"3": "",
"4": "difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task"
},
"expansion": "Scots strug (“difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English struglen, stroglen, strogelen, of obscure origin. Cognate with Scots strugil (“to struggle, grapple, contend”). Perhaps from a variant of *strokelen, *stroukelen (> English stroll), from Middle Dutch struyckelen (\"to stumble, trip, falter\"; > Modern Dutch struikelen), the frequentative form of Old Dutch *strūkon (“to stumble”), from Proto-Germanic *strūkōną, *strūkēną (“to be stiff”), from Proto-Indo-European *strug-, *ster- (“to be stiff; to bristle, strut, stumble, fall”), related to Middle Low German strûkelen (\"to stumble\"; > Low German strükeln), Old High German strūhhēn, strūhhōn (\"to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray\"; > German strauchen, straucheln).\nAlternative etymology derives the base of struggle from Old Norse strúgr (“arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will”) + -le (frequentative suffix), from Proto-Germanic *strūkaz (“stiff, rigid”), ultimately from the same Proto-Indo-European root above, which would make it cognate with dialectal Swedish strug (“contention, strife, discord”), Norwegian stru (“obstinate, unruly”), Danish struende (“reluctantly”), Scots strug (“difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "struggles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "struggle (plural struggles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"strug‧gle"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A contortion of the body in an attempt to escape or to perform a difficult task."
],
"id": "en-struggle-en-noun-JCbRy8oe",
"links": [
[
"contortion",
"contortion"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"escape",
"escape"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXIII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "The struggle with ways and means had recommenced, more difficult now a hundredfold than it had been before, because of their increasing needs. Their income disappeared as a little rivulet that is swallowed by the thirsty ground. He worked night and day to supplement it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Rachel Timoner, “Book Review: Textual Activism by Rabbi Mike Moskowitz”, in Tikkun:",
"text": "R. Moskowitz charges cisgender readers to be as conscious and deliberate with our religious identities as transgender and gender non-conforming people are with theirs, arguing that holiness is only achieved through continuous and unrelenting struggle and change.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Strife, contention, great effort."
],
"id": "en-struggle-en-noun-Imu0Rv61",
"links": [
[
"Strife",
"strife"
],
[
"contention",
"contention"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Strife, contention, great effort."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "stryd"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "luftë"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "përleshje"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kifāḥ",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "كِفَاح"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "niḍāl",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "نِضَال"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jihād",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جِهَاد"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mubāraza",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُبَارَزَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qitāl",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "قِتَال"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "paykʻar",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "պայքար"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "mübarizə"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "körəş",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "көрәш"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "borroka"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "baracʹbá",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "барацьба́"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zmahánnje",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "змага́нне"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "boj",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бой"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bítva",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бі́тва"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "borbá",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "борба́"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bítka",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "би́тка"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "boj",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бой"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "tuikpwai:",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "တိုက်ပွဲ"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lluita"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhēngzhá",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "掙扎"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "奮鬥"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèndòu",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "奋斗"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "鬥爭"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dòuzhēng",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "斗争"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zápas"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boj"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bitva"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kamp"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gevecht"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strijd"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "lukto"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "lahing"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "taistelu"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lutte"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loita"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "breiga"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "liorta"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lea"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "baralla"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "č̣idili",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "ჭიდილი"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kampf"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gefecht"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "agónas",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αγώνας"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "l'khimá",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "לְחִימָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "saṅgharṣ",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "संघर्ष"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "laṛāī",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "लड़ाई"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "küzdelem"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "küszködés"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "igyekezet"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "erőfeszítés"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "harc"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "viaskodás"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "barátta"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "ulet"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sníomh"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lotta"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"alt": "ふんとう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "funtō",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "奮闘"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"alt": "とうそう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tōsō",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "闘争"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"alt": "たたかい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tatakai",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "戦い"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "küres",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "күрес"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"alt": "奮鬪",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "buntu",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "분투"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"alt": "鬪爭",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tujaeng",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "투쟁"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"alt": "苦鬪",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gotu",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "고투"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ssaum",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "싸움"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "xebat",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "خەبات"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "küröş",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "күрөш"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cīņa"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kova"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "borba",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "борба"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "bitka",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "битка"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "boj",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бој"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "pōrāṭṭaṁ",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "പോരാട്ടം"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "hōkariri"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "tawhetatanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "nonoke"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "takaoraoratanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "takaoraora"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "tāruketanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "nonoketanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "temcel",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "тэмцэл"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamp"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dragkamp"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamp"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dragkamp"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "peykâr",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "پیکار"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mobâreze",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "مبارزه"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "walka"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bój"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bitwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "luta"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "luptă"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "borʹbá",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "борьба́"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "boj",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бой"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bítva",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "би́тва"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iomairt"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "бо̀рба"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "би̏тка"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "бо̑ј"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "bòrba"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "bȉtka"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "bȏj"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zápas"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boj"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bitka"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "borba"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boj"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lucha"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "forcejeo"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "brega"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kamp"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "muboriza",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "мубориза"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "paykor",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "пайкор"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "muhoriba",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "муҳориба"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "taloš",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "талош"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "jang",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "ҷанг"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "pōrāṭṭam",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "போராட்டம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "köräş",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "көрәш"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "pōrāṭaṁ",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "పోరాటం"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-dîn-ron",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "การดิ้นรน"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "weta"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "mücadele"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "vuruşma"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "göreş"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "borotʹbá",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "боротьба́"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bij",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бій"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "býtva",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "би́тва"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "küresh",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "كۈرەش"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "kurash"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "(cuộc) đấu tranh"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "kamf",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קאַמף"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstrʌɡəl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈstɹʌɡl̩]",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-struggle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/En-us-struggle.ogg/En-us-struggle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/En-us-struggle.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stroggell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "strogell"
}
],
"word": "struggle"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "struggler"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "struggling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unstruggling"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "struglen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English struglen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "strugil",
"3": "",
"4": "to struggle, grapple, contend"
},
"expansion": "Scots strugil (“to struggle, grapple, contend”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "> English stroll"
},
"expansion": "(> English stroll)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "struyckelen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch struyckelen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to stumble, trip, falter\"; > Modern Dutch <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"nl\">struikelen</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to stumble, trip, falter\"; > Modern Dutch struikelen)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*strūkon",
"4": "",
"5": "to stumble"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *strūkon (“to stumble”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*strūkōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *strūkōną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*strug-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *strug-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "strûkelen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German strûkelen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "strükeln"
},
"expansion": "Low German strükeln",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to stumble\"; > Low German <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"nds\">strükeln</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to stumble\"; > Low German strükeln)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "strūhhēn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German strūhhēn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "strauchen"
},
"expansion": "German strauchen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray\"; > German <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"de\">strauchen</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"de\">straucheln</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray\"; > German strauchen, straucheln)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "strúgr",
"4": "",
"5": "arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse strúgr (“arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le",
"pos1": "frequentative suffix"
},
"expansion": "-le (frequentative suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*strūkaz",
"4": "",
"5": "stiff, rigid"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *strūkaz (“stiff, rigid”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "strug",
"3": "",
"4": "contention, strife, discord"
},
"expansion": "Swedish strug (“contention, strife, discord”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "stru",
"3": "",
"4": "obstinate, unruly"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian stru (“obstinate, unruly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "struende",
"3": "",
"4": "reluctantly"
},
"expansion": "Danish struende (“reluctantly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "strug",
"3": "",
"4": "difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task"
},
"expansion": "Scots strug (“difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English struglen, stroglen, strogelen, of obscure origin. Cognate with Scots strugil (“to struggle, grapple, contend”). Perhaps from a variant of *strokelen, *stroukelen (> English stroll), from Middle Dutch struyckelen (\"to stumble, trip, falter\"; > Modern Dutch struikelen), the frequentative form of Old Dutch *strūkon (“to stumble”), from Proto-Germanic *strūkōną, *strūkēną (“to be stiff”), from Proto-Indo-European *strug-, *ster- (“to be stiff; to bristle, strut, stumble, fall”), related to Middle Low German strûkelen (\"to stumble\"; > Low German strükeln), Old High German strūhhēn, strūhhōn (\"to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray\"; > German strauchen, straucheln).\nAlternative etymology derives the base of struggle from Old Norse strúgr (“arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will”) + -le (frequentative suffix), from Proto-Germanic *strūkaz (“stiff, rigid”), ultimately from the same Proto-Indo-European root above, which would make it cognate with dialectal Swedish strug (“contention, strife, discord”), Norwegian stru (“obstinate, unruly”), Danish struende (“reluctantly”), Scots strug (“difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "struggles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "struggling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "struggled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "struggled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "struggle (third-person singular simple present struggles, present participle struggling, simple past and past participle struggled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"strug‧gle"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 8 51 10 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 7 54 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 20 41 8 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 6 50 6 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 8 52 6 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 42 5 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 57 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 57 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 57 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 57 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maltese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 11 46 5 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 8 50 8 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 69 2 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 8 51 5 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 7 45 9 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 6 51 6 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 57 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 52 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 59 7 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 6 54 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tamil translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tatar translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 7 54 7 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 81 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 6 54 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkmen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 7 53 7 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 6 51 6 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "During the centuries, the people of Ireland struggled constantly to assert their right to govern themselves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1951 October, “Notes and News: The Harmonium at Troutbeck”, in Railway Magazine, page 709:",
"text": "Troutbeck is a tiny village midway between Penrith and Keswick in a very sparsely populated part of Cumberland, and it used to be said by facetious travellers that the reason why it ever had a station at all was to give the engine a rest after it had struggled up the long and trying incline from Threlkeld.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011 October 1, Tom Fordyce, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 16-12 Scotland”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "England were ponderous with ball in hand, their runners static when taking the ball and their lines obvious, while their front row struggled badly in the scrum.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 28, Joris Luyendijk, “Our banks are out of control”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 3, page 21:",
"text": "Seeing the British establishment struggle with the financial sector is like watching an alcoholic who still resists the idea that something drastic needs to happen for him to turn his life around.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Paul Clifton, “Network News: Emergency timetables as absences surge due to COVID”, in RAIL, number 948, page 6:",
"text": "Most train operators have reduced services with emergency timetables, as they struggle to cope with a rapid increase in staff absences due to the Omicron variant of COVID.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight (for or against), to contend."
],
"id": "en-struggle-en-verb-3ntjsvKW",
"links": [
[
"strive",
"strive"
],
[
"labour",
"labour"
],
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
],
[
"contend",
"contend"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "كافح"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jāhada",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "جَاهَدَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nāḍala",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "نَاضَلَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "paykʻarel",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "պայքարել"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "mübarizə etmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "mübarizə aparmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "vuruşmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "döyüşmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "çarpışmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "mücadilə aparmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "borrokatu"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bícca",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бі́цца"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zmahácca",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "змага́цца"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "borjá se",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "боря́ се"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bíja se",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "би́я се"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lluitar"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "奮鬥"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèndòu",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "奋斗"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "zápasit"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "kæmpe"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "vechten"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "worstelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "nl",
"english": "same meaning as worstelen",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "moeite hebben"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lukti"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "ponnistella"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "kamppailla"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lutter"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "s’efforcer"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "combattre"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "breigar"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "loitar"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "combater"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "rifar"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "sich durchbeißen"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "sich schwer tun"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "aporéō",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "ἀπορέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "küzd"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "harcol"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "viaskodik"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "küszködik"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "erőlködik"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "igyekszik"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "kerja keras"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "streachail"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lottare"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tōsō suru",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "闘争する"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "funtō suru",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "奮闘する"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "momburimchida",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "몸부림치다"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tujaenghada",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "투쟁하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ssauda",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "싸우다"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "têkoşan",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "تێکۆشان"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "xebat",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "خەبات"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "dīmicō"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "nītor"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "luctor"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "se bori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "се бори"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "ssielet"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "tqabad"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "tqatel"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "ġġieled"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "nonoke"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "takaoraora"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "tāruke"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "oke"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "okeoke"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "parawhetawheta"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "temcex",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "тэмцэх"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "slåss"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "kjempe"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "slite streve"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "winnan"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "flītan"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "čaxidan",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "چخیدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "walczyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "bić się"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lutar"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "debater-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lupta"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "zbate"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "borótʹsja",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "боро́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sražátʹsja",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сража́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bítʹsja",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "би́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "drátʹsja",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "борити се"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "boriti se"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "cummàttiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "luttari"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "travagghiari"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lavurari"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "bojovať"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "biť sa"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "boriti se"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "luchar"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "esforzarse con denuedo"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "bregar"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "batallar"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "pugnar"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "kämpa"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dîn-ron",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "ดิ้นรน"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "mücadele etmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "borótysja",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "боро́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "býtysja",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "би́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "kurashmoq"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 24",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "đấu tranh"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "One of the doctor’s patients struggled with depression.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have difficulty with something."
],
"id": "en-struggle-en-verb-HbxnnHio",
"links": [
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 92 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have difficulty with something",
"word": "sufrir"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 92 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have difficulty with something",
"word": "padecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 92 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have difficulty with something",
"word": "costar"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 92 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have difficulty with something",
"word": "renquear"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She struggled to escape from her assailant's grasp.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strive, or to make efforts, with a twisting, or with contortions of the body."
],
"id": "en-struggle-en-verb-iq2gX2U6",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "19 0 81",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to make efforts with twisting or contortions of the body",
"word": "barakti"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 0 81",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make efforts with twisting or contortions of the body",
"word": "çırpınmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 0 81",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pručátysja",
"sense": "to make efforts with twisting or contortions of the body",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пруча́тися"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstrʌɡəl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈstɹʌɡl̩]",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-struggle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/En-us-struggle.ogg/En-us-struggle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/En-us-struggle.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stroggell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "strogell"
}
],
"word": "struggle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English control verbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English frequentative verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -le",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡəl",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡəl/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Tatar translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "armed struggle"
},
{
"word": "class struggle"
},
{
"word": "counterstruggle"
},
{
"word": "death-struggle"
},
{
"word": "power struggle"
},
{
"word": "struggle-buggy"
},
{
"word": "struggle bus"
},
{
"word": "struggleful"
},
{
"word": "struggleism"
},
{
"word": "struggle kid"
},
{
"word": "struggleless"
},
{
"word": "struggle meal"
},
{
"word": "struggle session"
},
{
"word": "strugglesome"
},
{
"word": "struggly"
},
{
"word": "the struggle is real"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "struglen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English struglen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "strugil",
"3": "",
"4": "to struggle, grapple, contend"
},
"expansion": "Scots strugil (“to struggle, grapple, contend”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "> English stroll"
},
"expansion": "(> English stroll)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "struyckelen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch struyckelen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to stumble, trip, falter\"; > Modern Dutch <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"nl\">struikelen</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to stumble, trip, falter\"; > Modern Dutch struikelen)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*strūkon",
"4": "",
"5": "to stumble"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *strūkon (“to stumble”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*strūkōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *strūkōną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*strug-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *strug-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "strûkelen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German strûkelen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "strükeln"
},
"expansion": "Low German strükeln",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to stumble\"; > Low German <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"nds\">strükeln</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to stumble\"; > Low German strükeln)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "strūhhēn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German strūhhēn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "strauchen"
},
"expansion": "German strauchen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray\"; > German <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"de\">strauchen</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"de\">straucheln</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray\"; > German strauchen, straucheln)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "strúgr",
"4": "",
"5": "arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse strúgr (“arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le",
"pos1": "frequentative suffix"
},
"expansion": "-le (frequentative suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*strūkaz",
"4": "",
"5": "stiff, rigid"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *strūkaz (“stiff, rigid”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "strug",
"3": "",
"4": "contention, strife, discord"
},
"expansion": "Swedish strug (“contention, strife, discord”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "stru",
"3": "",
"4": "obstinate, unruly"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian stru (“obstinate, unruly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "struende",
"3": "",
"4": "reluctantly"
},
"expansion": "Danish struende (“reluctantly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "strug",
"3": "",
"4": "difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task"
},
"expansion": "Scots strug (“difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English struglen, stroglen, strogelen, of obscure origin. Cognate with Scots strugil (“to struggle, grapple, contend”). Perhaps from a variant of *strokelen, *stroukelen (> English stroll), from Middle Dutch struyckelen (\"to stumble, trip, falter\"; > Modern Dutch struikelen), the frequentative form of Old Dutch *strūkon (“to stumble”), from Proto-Germanic *strūkōną, *strūkēną (“to be stiff”), from Proto-Indo-European *strug-, *ster- (“to be stiff; to bristle, strut, stumble, fall”), related to Middle Low German strûkelen (\"to stumble\"; > Low German strükeln), Old High German strūhhēn, strūhhōn (\"to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray\"; > German strauchen, straucheln).\nAlternative etymology derives the base of struggle from Old Norse strúgr (“arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will”) + -le (frequentative suffix), from Proto-Germanic *strūkaz (“stiff, rigid”), ultimately from the same Proto-Indo-European root above, which would make it cognate with dialectal Swedish strug (“contention, strife, discord”), Norwegian stru (“obstinate, unruly”), Danish struende (“reluctantly”), Scots strug (“difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "struggles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "struggle (plural struggles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"strug‧gle"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A contortion of the body in an attempt to escape or to perform a difficult task."
],
"links": [
[
"contortion",
"contortion"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"escape",
"escape"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXIII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "The struggle with ways and means had recommenced, more difficult now a hundredfold than it had been before, because of their increasing needs. Their income disappeared as a little rivulet that is swallowed by the thirsty ground. He worked night and day to supplement it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Rachel Timoner, “Book Review: Textual Activism by Rabbi Mike Moskowitz”, in Tikkun:",
"text": "R. Moskowitz charges cisgender readers to be as conscious and deliberate with our religious identities as transgender and gender non-conforming people are with theirs, arguing that holiness is only achieved through continuous and unrelenting struggle and change.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Strife, contention, great effort."
],
"links": [
[
"Strife",
"strife"
],
[
"contention",
"contention"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Strife, contention, great effort."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstrʌɡəl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈstɹʌɡl̩]",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-struggle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/En-us-struggle.ogg/En-us-struggle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/En-us-struggle.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stroggell"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "strogell"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "stryd"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "luftë"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "përleshje"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kifāḥ",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "كِفَاح"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "niḍāl",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "نِضَال"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jihād",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جِهَاد"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mubāraza",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُبَارَزَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qitāl",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "قِتَال"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "paykʻar",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "պայքար"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "mübarizə"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "körəş",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "көрәш"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "borroka"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "baracʹbá",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "барацьба́"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zmahánnje",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "змага́нне"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "boj",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бой"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bítva",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бі́тва"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "borbá",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "борба́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bítka",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "би́тка"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "boj",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бой"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "tuikpwai:",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "တိုက်ပွဲ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lluita"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhēngzhá",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "掙扎"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "奮鬥"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèndòu",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "奋斗"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "鬥爭"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dòuzhēng",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "斗争"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zápas"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boj"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bitva"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kamp"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gevecht"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strijd"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "lukto"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "lahing"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "taistelu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lutte"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loita"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "breiga"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "liorta"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lea"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "baralla"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "č̣idili",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "ჭიდილი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kampf"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gefecht"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "agónas",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αγώνας"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "l'khimá",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "לְחִימָה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "saṅgharṣ",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "संघर्ष"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "laṛāī",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "लड़ाई"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "küzdelem"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "küszködés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "igyekezet"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "erőfeszítés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "harc"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "viaskodás"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "barátta"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "ulet"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sníomh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lotta"
},
{
"alt": "ふんとう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "funtō",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "奮闘"
},
{
"alt": "とうそう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tōsō",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "闘争"
},
{
"alt": "たたかい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tatakai",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "戦い"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "küres",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "күрес"
},
{
"alt": "奮鬪",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "buntu",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "분투"
},
{
"alt": "鬪爭",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tujaeng",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "투쟁"
},
{
"alt": "苦鬪",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gotu",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "고투"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ssaum",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "싸움"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "xebat",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "خەبات"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "küröş",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "күрөш"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cīņa"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kova"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "borba",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "борба"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "bitka",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "битка"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "boj",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бој"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "pōrāṭṭaṁ",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "പോരാട്ടം"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "hōkariri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "tawhetatanga"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "nonoke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "takaoraoratanga"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "takaoraora"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "tāruketanga"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "nonoketanga"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "temcel",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "тэмцэл"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamp"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dragkamp"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kamp"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dragkamp"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "peykâr",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "پیکار"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mobâreze",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "مبارزه"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "walka"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bój"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bitwa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "luta"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "luptă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "borʹbá",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "борьба́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "boj",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бой"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bítva",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "би́тва"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iomairt"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "бо̀рба"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "би̏тка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "бо̑ј"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "bòrba"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "bȉtka"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "bȏj"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zápas"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boj"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bitka"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "borba"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boj"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lucha"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "forcejeo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "brega"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kamp"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "muboriza",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "мубориза"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "paykor",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "пайкор"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "muhoriba",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "муҳориба"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "taloš",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "талош"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "jang",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "ҷанг"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "pōrāṭṭam",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "போராட்டம்"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "köräş",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "көрәш"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "pōrāṭaṁ",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "పోరాటం"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-dîn-ron",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "การดิ้นรน"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "weta"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "mücadele"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "vuruşma"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "göreş"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "borotʹbá",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "боротьба́"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bij",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бій"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "býtva",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "би́тва"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "küresh",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "كۈرەش"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "kurash"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"word": "(cuộc) đấu tranh"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "kamf",
"sense": "strife, effort",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קאַמף"
}
],
"word": "struggle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English control verbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English frequentative verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -le",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡəl",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡəl/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
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"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
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],
"derived": [
{
"word": "struggler"
},
{
"word": "struggling"
},
{
"word": "unstruggling"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "struglen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English struglen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "strugil",
"3": "",
"4": "to struggle, grapple, contend"
},
"expansion": "Scots strugil (“to struggle, grapple, contend”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "> English stroll"
},
"expansion": "(> English stroll)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "struyckelen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch struyckelen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to stumble, trip, falter\"; > Modern Dutch <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"nl\">struikelen</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to stumble, trip, falter\"; > Modern Dutch struikelen)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*strūkon",
"4": "",
"5": "to stumble"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *strūkon (“to stumble”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*strūkōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *strūkōną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*strug-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *strug-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "strûkelen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German strûkelen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "strükeln"
},
"expansion": "Low German strükeln",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to stumble\"; > Low German <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"nds\">strükeln</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to stumble\"; > Low German strükeln)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "strūhhēn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German strūhhēn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "strauchen"
},
"expansion": "German strauchen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray\"; > German <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"de\">strauchen</i>, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"de\">straucheln</i>"
},
"expansion": "(\"to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray\"; > German strauchen, straucheln)",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "strúgr",
"4": "",
"5": "arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse strúgr (“arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le",
"pos1": "frequentative suffix"
},
"expansion": "-le (frequentative suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*strūkaz",
"4": "",
"5": "stiff, rigid"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *strūkaz (“stiff, rigid”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "strug",
"3": "",
"4": "contention, strife, discord"
},
"expansion": "Swedish strug (“contention, strife, discord”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "stru",
"3": "",
"4": "obstinate, unruly"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian stru (“obstinate, unruly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "struende",
"3": "",
"4": "reluctantly"
},
"expansion": "Danish struende (“reluctantly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "strug",
"3": "",
"4": "difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task"
},
"expansion": "Scots strug (“difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English struglen, stroglen, strogelen, of obscure origin. Cognate with Scots strugil (“to struggle, grapple, contend”). Perhaps from a variant of *strokelen, *stroukelen (> English stroll), from Middle Dutch struyckelen (\"to stumble, trip, falter\"; > Modern Dutch struikelen), the frequentative form of Old Dutch *strūkon (“to stumble”), from Proto-Germanic *strūkōną, *strūkēną (“to be stiff”), from Proto-Indo-European *strug-, *ster- (“to be stiff; to bristle, strut, stumble, fall”), related to Middle Low German strûkelen (\"to stumble\"; > Low German strükeln), Old High German strūhhēn, strūhhōn (\"to stumble, trip, tumble, go astray\"; > German strauchen, straucheln).\nAlternative etymology derives the base of struggle from Old Norse strúgr (“arrogance, pride, spitefulness, ill-will”) + -le (frequentative suffix), from Proto-Germanic *strūkaz (“stiff, rigid”), ultimately from the same Proto-Indo-European root above, which would make it cognate with dialectal Swedish strug (“contention, strife, discord”), Norwegian stru (“obstinate, unruly”), Danish struende (“reluctantly”), Scots strug (“difficulty, perplexity, a laborious task”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "struggles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "struggling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "struggled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "struggled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "struggle (third-person singular simple present struggles, present participle struggling, simple past and past participle struggled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"strug‧gle"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "During the centuries, the people of Ireland struggled constantly to assert their right to govern themselves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1951 October, “Notes and News: The Harmonium at Troutbeck”, in Railway Magazine, page 709:",
"text": "Troutbeck is a tiny village midway between Penrith and Keswick in a very sparsely populated part of Cumberland, and it used to be said by facetious travellers that the reason why it ever had a station at all was to give the engine a rest after it had struggled up the long and trying incline from Threlkeld.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011 October 1, Tom Fordyce, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 16-12 Scotland”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "England were ponderous with ball in hand, their runners static when taking the ball and their lines obvious, while their front row struggled badly in the scrum.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 28, Joris Luyendijk, “Our banks are out of control”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 3, page 21:",
"text": "Seeing the British establishment struggle with the financial sector is like watching an alcoholic who still resists the idea that something drastic needs to happen for him to turn his life around.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, Paul Clifton, “Network News: Emergency timetables as absences surge due to COVID”, in RAIL, number 948, page 6:",
"text": "Most train operators have reduced services with emergency timetables, as they struggle to cope with a rapid increase in staff absences due to the Omicron variant of COVID.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight (for or against), to contend."
],
"links": [
[
"strive",
"strive"
],
[
"labour",
"labour"
],
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
],
[
"contend",
"contend"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "One of the doctor’s patients struggled with depression.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have difficulty with something."
],
"links": [
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She struggled to escape from her assailant's grasp.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strive, or to make efforts, with a twisting, or with contortions of the body."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstrʌɡəl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈstɹʌɡl̩]",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-struggle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/En-us-struggle.ogg/En-us-struggle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/En-us-struggle.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stroggell"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "strogell"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "كافح"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jāhada",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "جَاهَدَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "nāḍala",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "نَاضَلَ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "paykʻarel",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "պայքարել"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "mübarizə etmək"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "mübarizə aparmaq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "vuruşmaq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "döyüşmək"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "çarpışmaq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "mücadilə aparmaq"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "borrokatu"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bícca",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бі́цца"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zmahácca",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "змага́цца"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "borjá se",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "боря́ се"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bíja se",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "би́я се"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lluitar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "奮鬥"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fèndòu",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "奋斗"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "zápasit"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "kæmpe"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "vechten"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "worstelen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"english": "same meaning as worstelen",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "moeite hebben"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lukti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "ponnistella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "kamppailla"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lutter"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "s’efforcer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "combattre"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "breigar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "loitar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "combater"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "rifar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "sich durchbeißen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "sich schwer tun"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "aporéō",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "ἀπορέω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "küzd"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "harcol"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "viaskodik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "küszködik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "erőlködik"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "igyekszik"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "kerja keras"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "streachail"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lottare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tōsō suru",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "闘争する"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "funtō suru",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "奮闘する"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "momburimchida",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "몸부림치다"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tujaenghada",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "투쟁하다"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ssauda",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "싸우다"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "têkoşan",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "تێکۆشان"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "xebat",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "خەبات"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "dīmicō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "nītor"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "luctor"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "se bori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "се бори"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "ssielet"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "tqabad"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "tqatel"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "ġġieled"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "nonoke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "takaoraora"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "tāruke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "oke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "okeoke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "parawhetawheta"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "temcex",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "тэмцэх"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "slåss"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "kjempe"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "slite streve"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "winnan"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "flītan"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "čaxidan",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "چخیدن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "walczyć"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "bić się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lutar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "debater-se"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lupta"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "zbate"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "borótʹsja",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "боро́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sražátʹsja",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сража́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bítʹsja",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "би́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "drátʹsja",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́ться"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "борити се"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "boriti se"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "cummàttiri"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "luttari"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "travagghiari"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "lavurari"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "bojovať"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "biť sa"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "boriti se"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "luchar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "esforzarse con denuedo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "bregar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "batallar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "pugnar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "kämpa"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dîn-ron",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "ดิ้นรน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "mücadele etmek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "borótysja",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "боро́тися"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "býtysja",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "би́тися"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "kurashmoq"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to strive, to labour in difficulty, to fight",
"word": "đấu tranh"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to make efforts with twisting or contortions of the body",
"word": "barakti"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make efforts with twisting or contortions of the body",
"word": "çırpınmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pručátysja",
"sense": "to make efforts with twisting or contortions of the body",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пруча́тися"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have difficulty with something",
"word": "sufrir"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have difficulty with something",
"word": "padecer"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have difficulty with something",
"word": "costar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to have difficulty with something",
"word": "renquear"
}
],
"word": "struggle"
}
Download raw JSONL data for struggle meaning in All languages combined (48.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.